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References

Language Data Codes

ISO 639 is an effort by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to develop a system for representing the names of languages and language groups. This appendix lists the codes for ISO 639-1 consisting of two letter codes and ISO 639-2 consisting of three letter codes. The International Information Centre for Terminology (INFOTERM) is the maintenance authority for ISO 639-1 and the US Library of Congress is the maintenance authority for ISO 639-2. The language codes defined here are used for bibliographic applications. Their use in Internet applications make up an important part of "locale" data as a set of parameters that defines the user’s language and region.
English name of LanguageISO 639-1 CodeISO 639-2 Code
Abkhazianababk
Achinese-ace
Acoli-ach
Adangme-ada
Adyghe; Adygei-ady
Afaraaaar
Afrihili-afh
Afrikaansafafr
Afro-Asiatic languages-afa
Ainu-ain
Akanakaka
Akkadian-akk
Albaniansqalb
Aleut-ale
Algonquian languages-alg
Altaic languages-tut
Amharicamamh
Angika-anp
Apache languages-apa
Arabicarara
Aragoneseanarg
Arapaho-arp
Arawak-arw
Armenianhyarm
Aromanian; Arumanian; Macedo-Romanian-rup
Artificial languages-art
Assameseasasm
Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese-ast
Athapascan languages-ath
Australian languages-aus
Austronesian languages-map
Avaricavava
Avestanaeave
Awadhi-awa
Aymaraayaym
Azerbaijaniazaze
Balinese-ban
Baltic languages-bat
Baluchi-bal
Bambarabmbam
Bamileke languages-bai
Banda languages-bad
Bantu languages-bnt
Basa-bas
Bashkirbabak
Basqueeubaq
Batak languages-btk
Beja; Bedawiyet-bej
Belarusianbebel
Bemba-bem
Bengalibnben
Berber languages-ber
Bhojpuri-bho
Bihari languagesbhbih
Bikol-bik
Bini; Edo-bin
Bislamabibis
Blin; Bilin-byn
Blissymbols; Blissymbolics; Bliss-zbl
Bokmal, Norwegian; Norwegian Bokmalnbnob
Bosnianbsbos
Braj-bra
Bretonbrbre
Buginese-bug
Bulgarianbgbul
Buriat-bua
Burmesemybur
Caddo-cad
Catalan; Valenciancacat
Caucasian languages-cau
Cebuano-ceb
Celtic languages-cel
Central American Indian languages-cai
Central Khmerkmkhm
Chagatai-chg
Chamic languages-cmc
Chamorrochcha
Chechenceche
Cherokee-chr
Cheyenne-chy
Chibcha-chb
Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanjanynya
Chinesezhchi
Chinook jargon-chn
Chipewyan; Dene Suline-chp
Choctaw-cho
Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavoniccuchu
Chuukese-chk
Chuvashcvchv
Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa-nwc
Classical Syriac-syc
Coptic-cop
Cornishkwcor
Corsicancocos
Creecrcre
Creek-mus
Creoles and pidgins-crp
Creoles and pidgins, English based-cpe
Creoles and pidgins, French-based-cpf
Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based-cpp
Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish-crh
Croatianhrhrv
Cushitic languages-cus
Czechcscze
Dakota-dak
Danishdadan
Dargwa-dar
Delaware-del
Dinka-din
Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldiviandvdiv
Dogri-doi
Dogrib-dgr
Dravidian languages-dra
Duala-dua
Dutch, Middle (ca.1050-1350)-dum
Dutch; Flemishnldut
Dyula-dyu
Dzongkhadzdzo
Eastern Frisian-frs
Efik-efi
Egyptian (Ancient)-egy
Ekajuk-eka
Elamite-elx
Englisheneng
English, Middle (1100-1500)-enm
English, Old (ca.450-1100)-ang
Erzya-myv
Esperantoeoepo
Estonianetest
Eweeeewe
Ewondo-ewo
Fang-fan
Fanti-fat
Faroesefofao
Fijianfjfij
Filipino; Pilipino-fil
Finnishfifin
Finno-Ugrian languages-fiu
Fon-fon
Frenchfrfre
French, Middle (ca.1400-1600)-frm
French, Old (842-ca.1400)-fro
Friulian-fur
Fulahffful
Ga-gaa
Gaelic; Scottish Gaelicgdgla
Galibi Carib-car
Galicianglglg
Gandalglug
Gayo-gay
Gbaya-gba
Geez-gez
Georgiankageo
Germandeger
German, Middle High (ca.1050-1500)-gmh
German, Old High (ca.750-1050)-goh
Germanic languages-gem
Gilbertese-gil
Gondi-gon
Gorontalo-gor
Gothic-got
Grebo-grb
Greek, Ancient (to 1453)-grc
Greek, Modern (1453-)elgre
Guaranigngrn
Gujaratiguguj
Gwich'in-gwi
Haida-hai
Haitian; Haitian Creolehthat
Hausahahau
Hawaiian-haw
Hebrewheheb
Hererohzher
Hiligaynon-hil
Himachali languages; Western Pahari languages-him
Hindihihin
Hiri Motuhohmo
Hittite-hit
Hmong; Mong-hmn
Hungarianhuhun
Hupa-hup
Iban-iba
Icelandicisice
Idoioido
Igboigibo
Ijo languages-ijo
Iloko-ilo
Inari Sami-smn
Indic languages-inc
Indo-European languages-ine
Indonesianidind
Ingush-inh
Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)iaina
Interlingue; Occidentalieile
Inuktitutiuiku
Inupiaqikipk
Iranian languages-ira
Irishgagle
Irish, Middle (900-1200)-mga
Irish, Old (to 900)-sga
Iroquoian languages-iro
Italianitita
Japanesejajpn
Javanesejvjav
Judeo-Arabic-jrb
Judeo-Persian-jpr
Kabardian-kbd
Kabyle-kab
Kachin; Jingpho-kac
Kalaallisut; Greenlandicklkal
Kalmyk; Oirat-xal
Kamba-kam
Kannadaknkan
Kanurikrkau
Kara-Kalpak-kaa
Karachay-Balkar-krc
Karelian-krl
Karen languages-kar
Kashmirikskas
Kashubian-csb
Kawi-kaw
Kazakhkkkaz
Khasi-kha
Khoisan languages-khi
Khotanese; Sakan-kho
Kikuyu; Gikuyukikik
Kimbundu-kmb
Kinyarwandarwkin
Kirghiz; Kyrgyzkykir
Klingon; tlhIngan-Hol-tlh
Komikvkom
Kongokgkon
Konkani-kok
Koreankokor
Kosraean-kos
Kpelle-kpe
Kru languages-kro
Kuanyama; Kwanyamakjkua
Kumyk-kum
Kurdishkukur
Kurukh-kru
Kutenai-kut
Ladino-lad
Lahnda-lah
Lamba-lam
Land Dayak languages-day
Laololao
Latinlalat
Latvianlvlav
Lezghian-lez
Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgishlilim
Lingalalnlin
Lithuanianltlit
Lojban-jbo
Low German; Low Saxon; German, Low; Saxon, Low-nds
Lower Sorbian-dsb
Lozi-loz
Luba-Katangalulub
Luba-Lulua-lua
Luiseno-lui
Lule Sami-smj
Lunda-lun
Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)-luo
Lushai-lus
Luxembourgish; Letzeburgeschlbltz
Macedonianmkmac
Madurese-mad
Magahi-mag
Maithili-mai
Makasar-mak
Malagasymgmlg
Malaymsmay
Malayalammlmal
Maltesemtmlt
Manchu-mnc
Mandar-mdr
Mandingo-man
Manipuri-mni
Manobo languages-mno
Manxgvglv
Maorimimao
Mapudungun; Mapuche-arn
Marathimrmar
Mari-chm
Marshallesemhmah
Marwari-mwr
Masai-mas
Mayan languages-myn
Mende-men
Mi'kmaq; Micmac-mic
Minangkabau-min
Mirandese-mwl
Mohawk-moh
Moksha-mdf
Mon-Khmer languages-mkh
Mongo-lol
Mongolianmnmon
Montenegrin-cnr
Mossi-mos
Multiple languages-mul
Munda languages-mun
N'Ko-nqo
Nahuatl languages-nah
Naurunanau
Navajo; Navahonvnav
Ndebele, North; North Ndebelendnde
Ndebele, South; South Ndebelenrnbl
Ndongangndo
Neapolitan-nap
Nepal Bhasa; Newari-new
Nepalinenep
Nias-nia
Niger-Kordofanian languages-nic
Nilo-Saharan languages-ssa
Niuean-niu
No linguistic content; Not applicable-zxx
Nogai-nog
Norse, Old-non
North American Indian languages-nai
Northern Frisian-frr
Northern Samisesme
Norwegiannonor
Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegiannnnno
Nubian languages-nub
Nyamwezi-nym
Nyankole-nyn
Nyoro-nyo
Nzima-nzi
Occitan (post 1500)ococi
Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE); Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)-arc
Ojibwaojoji
Oriyaorori
Oromoomorm
Osage-osa
Ossetian; Osseticososs
Otomian languages-oto
Pahlavi-pal
Palauan-pau
Palipipli
Pampanga; Kapampangan-pam
Pangasinan-pag
Panjabi; Punjabipapan
Papiamento-pap
Papuan languages-paa
Pedi; Sepedi; Northern Sotho-nso
Persianfaper
Persian, Old (ca.600-400 B.C.)-peo
Philippine languages-phi
Phoenician-phn
Pohnpeian-pon
Polishplpol
Portugueseptpor
Prakrit languages-pra
Provencal, Old (to 1500);Occitan, Old (to 1500)-pro
Pushto; Pashtopspus
Quechuaquque
Rajasthani-raj
Rapanui-rap
Rarotongan; Cook Islands Maori-rar
Reserved for local use-qaa-qtz
Romance languages-roa
Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovanrorum
Romanshrmroh
Romany-rom
Rundirnrun
Russianrurus
Salishan languages-sal
Samaritan Aramaic-sam
Sami languages-smi
Samoansmsmo
Sandawe-sad
Sangosgsag
Sanskritsasan
Santali-sat
Sardinianscsrd
Sasak-sas
Scots-sco
Selkup-sel
Semitic languages-sem
Serbiansrsrp
Serer-srr
Shan-shn
Shonasnsna
Sichuan Yi; Nuosuiiiii
Sicilian-scn
Sidamo-sid
Sign Languages-sgn
Siksika-bla
Sindhisdsnd
Sinhala; Sinhalesesisin
Sino-Tibetan languages-sit
Siouan languages-sio
Skolt Sami-sms
Slave (Athapascan)-den
Slavic languages-sla
Slovakskslo
Slovenianslslv
Sogdian-sog
Somalisosom
Songhai languages-son
Soninke-snk
Sorbian languages-wen
Sotho, Southernstsot
South American Indian languages-sai
Southern Altai-alt
Southern Sami-sma
Spanish; Castilianesspa
Sranan Tongo-srn
Standard Moroccan Tamazight-zgh
Sukuma-suk
Sumerian-sux
Sundanesesusun
Susu-sus
Swahiliswswa
Swatissssw
Swedishsvswe
Swiss German; Alemannic; Alsatian-gsw
Syriac-syr
Tagalogtltgl
Tahitiantytah
Tai languages-tai
Tajiktgtgk
Tamashek-tmh
Tamiltatam
Tatartttat
Telugutetel
Tereno-ter
Tetum-tet
Thaiththa
Tibetanbotib
Tigre-tig
Tigrinyatitir
Timne-tem
Tiv-tiv
Tlingit-tli
Tok Pisin-tpi
Tokelau-tkl
Tonga (Nyasa)-tog
Tonga (Tonga Islands)toton
Tsimshian-tsi
Tsongatstso
Tswanatntsn
Tumbuka-tum
Tupi languages-tup
Turkishtrtur
Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928)-ota
Turkmentktuk
Tuvalu-tvl
Tuvinian-tyv
Twitwtwi
Udmurt-udm
Ugaritic-uga
Uighur; Uyghuruguig
Ukrainianukukr
Umbundu-umb
Uncoded languages-mis
Undetermined-und
Upper Sorbian-hsb
Urduururd
Uzbekuzuzb
Vai-vai
Vendaveven
Vietnamesevivie
Volapukvovol
Votic-vot
Wakashan languages-wak
Walloonwawln
Waray-war
Washo-was
Welshcywel
Western Frisianfyfry
Wolaitta; Wolaytta-wal
Wolofwowol
Xhosaxhxho
Yakut-sah
Yao-yao
Yapese-yap
Yiddishyiyid
Yorubayoyor
Yupik languages-ypk
Zande languages-znd
Zapotec-zap
Zaza; Dimili; Dimli; Kirdki; Kirmanjki; Zazaki-zza
Zenaga-zen
Zhuang; Chuangzazha
Zuluzuzul
Zuni-zun